What is vaginal dryness? Vaginal dryness is the result of a thinning of the vaginal lining. The occurrence of vaginal dryness is also a sign of the genitourinary syndrome of menopause. It’s often accompanied by a burning, itching or pain in the area. There are two conditions that caused vaginal dryness: Vaginal atrophy: This occurs in postmenopausal women. It’s characterized by a thinning of the vaginal lining that can lead to decreased lubrication and irritation.